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Rock Types
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Basalt
Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, mafic igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity, magnesium- and iron-rich lava at or near the surface of Earth.
Basalt 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Conglomerate
Conglomerate is a coarse-grained sedimentary rock formed in the cementation of rounded pebbles and sand.
Conglomerate 3d Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Gneiss
Gneiss is a common metamorphic rock formed by high temperatures and pressures and known for its distinct foliation of alternating dark and light bands.
Gneiss 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Granite
Granite is a coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock composed primarily of the minerals feldspar, mica, and quartz.
Granite 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Vesicular Basalt
When the bulk of a basalt is mostly solid and textured with many small holes known as vesicles, it is called a vesicular basalt. These vesicles form when gases dissolved in magma come out of solution and are able to expand as the magma reaches the surface. The gases remain trapped in these small pockets as the lava hardens.
Vesicular Basalt 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
Minerals
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Feldspar
Feldspar is a group of minerals characterized by their composition of alumina and silica and is the most abundant group of minerals, making up more than 50% of Earth’s crust.
Feldspar 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Fluorite
Flourite is a mineral made up of calcium and flourine. While pure flourite is colorless and transparent, impurities cause samples of flourite to show color and exhibit flourescence under ultraviolet light.
Flourite 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Muscovite Mica
Muscovite is the most common mica. Like other micas, muscovite is known for its perfect cleavage which allows it to be split easily into very thin, flexible sheets.
Muscovite 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Sulfur
Elemental sulfur is a lustrous, lemon yellow, crystalline mineral that forms close to volcanic vents and hot springs.
Sulfur 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Talc
Talc is a sheet silicate distinguished from all other minerals by its extreme softness, a property caused by talc’s loosely connected sheets that slip easily under pressure.
Talc 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
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Willemite-Franklinite
Found in Franklin, New Jersey, this willemite-franklinite rock shines a bright flourescent green under UV light.
Willemite-Franklinite 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum
Fossils
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Fern Fossil
Fern fossils are impressions or permineralized remains of ancient ferns, with records dating back over 380 million years to the Devonian period.
Fern Fossil 3D Model by Rutgers University Geology Museum